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Bohai Bay - China's Threatened Coast [2019]

166 images Created 6 Jan 2020

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Rising sea levels and their potential impacts on coastal communities have been well documented in recent years, however a new study released by Nature Communications just this past month (October, 2019) has revealed new predictions highlighting up to 300 million people potentially being adversely affected by rising sea levels in the coming decades.

Northern China has been identified as one of the regions in Asia that will see the most number of people affected in coastal communities. It has been estimated that rising sea levels across the country will threaten close to 100 million people in China by 2050.

Many of those at risk live in the Bohai Bay area, in north-east China. It is home to Tianjin, a megacity of over 15 million people. More than 100km2 of the coastal area is beneath mean sea level, making it especially prone to sea level rise. The coastal communities are a mix of fishing villages, ports centered on industry and natural wetlands. All of these are significantly under threat as sea level rises in the region.

Three millimeters per year is the global average for sea level rise. Researchers from China's State Oceanic Administration have revealed that, “the average sea level along Chinese coastal areas has increased by 90 millimeters (mm) over the past 30 years… Sea level around Tianjin has risen by 196 mm, more than double the average increase in China.”

At Bohai Bay’s southern boundary, the famous Yellow River flows. Even that iconic natural wonder is under threat, as Nasa reports. “Residents of China's Yellow River delta are swamped by sea level rise of more than nine inches (25 centimeters) a year.”

By using unique aerial photography and video, this reporting project focuses on visually communicating the threats and impacts of sea level rise on vulnerable coastal communities.
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  • TA fishing boat lies in a colourful small river that has formed in the lower reaches of the Yellow River estuary which marks the southernmost boundary of Bohai Bay. Shandong province, China. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-052.JPG
  • A dead fish and starfish lie on the ground of a fishing dock in Jinsha island in Hebei Province. Various shapes and sizes of structures are used to try to protect this region which suffers from severe coastal erosion. China, 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-128.JPG
  • Discarded fishing equipment lie on an oil-stained beach at Laomi Gukou in Hebei province. Bohai Bay is home to some of China's largest reserves of oil and gas, making it a centre for oil exploration. The region has suffered from a number of oil spills in recent decades which continue to effect local ecosystems. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-136.JPG
  • Discarded fishing equipment lie on an oil-stained beach at Laomi Gukou in Hebei province. Bohai Bay is home to some of China's largest reserves of oil and gas, making it a centre for oil exploration. The region has suffered from a number of oil spills in recent decades which continue to effect local ecosystems. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-137.JPG
  • A diver takes a break from harvesting sea cucumbers on a farm on Bohai Bay in Hebei Province, northern China. Sea cucumbers are sensitive to rising temperatures and harvest numbers have dropped in years when the water temperature is higher than average, leading to concerns about the future of local aquaculture with a warming climate. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-138.JPG
  • A man searches for shells by the remains of an unidentified structure, near the megacity of Tianjin in north-east China. Major infrastructure that supports the daily functioning of the city is often the first impacted as storm surges hit and sea levels rise. The city also has problems with land subsidence which exacerbates the problems faced. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-141.JPG
  • A sea wall which protects part of Tianjin port. The port has been built largely on reclaimed land and is now one of the busiest port cities in the world. It is protected predominantly by sea walls of various shapes and sizes which help shelter the coastline and the ships delivering goods in and out of northern China. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-149.JPG
  • A pier juts into Bohai Bay at Tianjin port. The port has been built largely on reclaimed land and is now one of the busiest port cities in the world. It is protected predominantly by sea walls of various shapes and sizes which help shelter the coastline and the ships delivering goods in and out of northern China. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-150.JPG
  • A sea wall protects Dongjiang port in Tianjin. The port has been built largely on reclaimed land and is now one of the busiest port cities in the world. It is protected predominantly by sea walls of various shapes and sizes which help shelter the coastline and the ships delivering goods in and out of northern China. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-152.JPG
  • A masked man stands on a seawall in the port city of Tianjin, in north-east China. Much of the port has been built on reclaimed land and now serves as one of China's busiest maritime hubs. According to an article in the South China Morning Post, "Artificial seawalls now stretch along some 60 per cent of the mainland's coastline...destroying or severely disrupting the natural function of lush wetland, much of which is earmarked for reclamation. This increases pollution that threatens water bird populations, degrades inshore and oceanic environments, and leaves coastal populations more vulnerable to extreme weather events such as typhoons." As sea levels are predicted to rise in northern China, sea walls will be the first line of defence for the people in Tianjin, however severe storm surges have the potential to threaten these defences. Behind the sea walls, land subsidence in areas of the city is also adding to the threat of flooding, leading experts to warn of lingering dangers to the city's 11,000,000 residents.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-154.JPG
  • Tianjin has been dubbed the 'city of bridges' for the large number and variety of bridges found throughout the city. As sea levels rise and storm surges increase, the city's infrastructure will be the first to be impacted and be put under stress from the changing environment. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-156.JPG
  • A man harvests clams from the riverbed at low tide in downtown Tianjin. Coastal erosion is already a severe problem for much of the low lying land in the region and is predicted to get worse as climate change impacts continue to intensify. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-159.JPG
  • A fisherman journeys along a river at low tide in downtown Tianjin. Coastal erosion is already a severe problem for much of the low lying land in the region and is predicted to get worse as climate change impacts continue to intensify. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-160.JPG
  • Wells extract oil from the oilfields which lie near the megacity of Tianjin and off the coast in Bohai Bay which is home to some of China's largest reserves of oil and gas, making it a centre for oil exploration. The region has suffered from a number of oil spills in recent decades which continue to effect local ecosystems. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-162.JPG
  • A windfarm near the Bahai Bay coast. This stretch of coastline has been identified as one of the most vulnerable in China and will be one of the first to feel climate change impacts including rising sea levels and increased storm surges. China, 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-163.JPG
  • Birds fly over a field in the lower reaches of the Yellow River estuary which marks the southernmost boundary of Bohai Bay. The nationally protected estuary region faces severe threats from rising sea levels which have already impacted the area. Shandong province, China. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-174.JPG
  • A tree is reflected in flooded land in the lower reaches of the Yellow River estuary which marks the southernmost boundary of Bohai Bay. The nationally protected estuary region faces severe threats from rising sea levels which have already impacted the area. Shandong province, China. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-177.JPG
  • A tree in the lower reaches of the Yellow River estuary which marks the southernmost boundary of Bohai Bay. The nationally protected estuary region faces severe threats from rising sea levels which have already impacted the area. Shandong province, China. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-178.JPG
  • Tourists visit the lower reaches of the Yellow River estuary which marks the southernmost boundary of Bohai Bay. The nationally protected estuary region faces severe threats from rising sea levels which have already impacted the area. Shandong province, China. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-180.JPG
  • A sea wall protects Dongjiang port in Tianjin. The port has been built largely on reclaimed land and is now one of the busiest port cities in the world. It is protected predominantly by sea walls of various shapes and sizes which help shelter the coastline and the ships delivering goods in and out of northern China. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-048.JPG
  • A sea wall protects Dongjiang port in Tianjin. The port has been built largely on reclaimed land and is now one of the busiest port cities in the world. It is protected predominantly by sea walls of various shapes and sizes which help shelter the coastline and the ships delivering goods in and out of northern China. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-051.JPG
  • Salt fields in Shandong province. Saline groundwater provides the perfect place to produce raw salt which is harvested in many areas along the coast line of Bohai Bay. China, 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-057.JPG
  • A bird flies over Shijiutuo island, a newly developed ecological park for tourists in Hebei province, China. Lying on the shores of Bohai Bay, this region of coastline has been identified as severely prone to coastal erosion and at high risk of flooding. 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-061.JPG
  • A bird flies over land that is used for aquaculture in Hebei province, China. In the background an unidentified factory also sits within metres of sea level. This area of coastline has been identified as prone to land subsidence and at threat from rising sea levels and flooding. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-065.JPG
  • Bohai-Bay-19-10-067.JPG
  • A diver harvests sea cucumbers on a farm near the Luan River in Hebei Province, northern China. Sea cucumbers are sensitive to rising temperatures and harvest numbers have dropped in years when the water temperature is higher than average, leading to concerns about the future of local aquaculture with a warming climate. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-083.JPG
  • A fishing boat leaves a dock on the Luan River in Hebei province, northern China. The coastline in this region has been identified as being under severe risk of coastal erosion with impacts being predicted to increase in coming decades as sea levels rise and storm surges increase. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-094.JPG
  • Multi-coloured aquaculture farmland near the city of Huanghua, south of Tianjin. This area of coastline has been identified as being particularly vulnerable to coastal erosion on will increasingly be threatened as sea levels rise and storm surges increase. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-096.JPG
  • Bohai-Bay-19-10-098.JPG
  • A deserted pavilion extends out into Bohai Bay near the town go Ninghe, in eastern Tianjin. This stretch of coastline has been identified as being particularly vulnerable to coastal erosion on will increasingly be threatened as sea levels rise and storm surges increase. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-106.JPG
  • Fishermen walk past sea wall defences in Jingtang harbour, Hebei province. This stretch of coastline has been highlighted as one of the most vulnerable in China and will be one of the first to feel the impacts of rising sea levels and increased storm surges. China, 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-121.JPG
  • A man walks through a small fishing village near Bohai Bay. This stretch of coastline has been identified as some of the most vulnerable in all of China and is threatened by rising sea levels and storm surges. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-122.JPG
  • A peninsular juts out into Bohai Bay in Hebei Province. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-139.JPG
  • Fish for sale in a market in Nanbao village, Hebei Province. China, 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-146.JPG
  • Waves crash against sea wall defences in Jingtang harbour, Hebei province. China, 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-001.JPG
  • Unidentified industrial pollution is collected in a lake near the Pocheng River, which runs into Bohai Bay, in Shandong Province. China, 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-002.JPG
  • Unidentified industrial pollution is collected near Heiyanzi village on the shores of Bohai Bay, in Hebei Province. China, 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-003.JPG
  • Unidentified industrial pollution is collected in a lake near the Pocheng River, which runs into Bohai Bay, in Shandong Province. China, 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-004.JPG
  • Unidentified industrial pollution is collected in a lake near the Pocheng River, which runs into Bohai Bay, in Shandong Province. China, 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-005.JPG
  • Unidentified industrial pollution is collected near Heiyanzi village on the shores of Bohai Bay, in Hebei Province. China, 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-006.JPG
  • Unidentified industrial pollution is collected in a lake near the Pocheng River, which runs into Bohai Bay, in Shandong Province. China, 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-007.JPG
  • A small river feeds into Bohai Bay at the Beikedi DiaoYu wetland park in Shandong Province. China, 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-008.JPG
  • Unidentified industrial pollution is collected near Heiyanzi village on the shores of Bohai Bay, in Hebei Province. China, 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-009.JPG
  • Unidentified industrial pollution is collected near Heiyanzi village on the shores of Bohai Bay, in Hebei Province. China, 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-010.JPG
  • Unidentified industrial pollution is collected near Heiyanzi village on the shores of Bohai Bay, in Hebei Province. China, 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-011.JPG
  • A small river feeds into Bohai Bay at the Beikedi DiaoYu wetland park in Shandong Province. China, 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-012.JPG
  • Unidentified industrial pollution is collected near Heiyanzi village on the shores of Bohai Bay, in Hebei Province. China, 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-013.JPG
  • A busy shopping market and crossroads in Nanbao village, Hebei Province. China, 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-014.JPG
  • Waves crash against sea wall defences in Jingtang harbour, Hebei province. China, 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-015.JPG
  • An unidentified mine near the Tuhai River which feeds into Bohai Bay, in Shandong province. China, 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-016.JPG
  • An unidentified mine near the Tuhai River which feeds into Bohai Bay, in Shandong province. China, 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-017.JPG
  • An unidentified mine near the Tuhai River which feeds into Bohai Bay, in Shandong province. China, 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-018.JPG
  • Fishing boats lined up in Nanbao village, Hebei Province. China, 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-019.JPG
  • An unidentified mine near the Tuhai River which feeds into Bohai Bay, in Shandong province. China, 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-020.JPG
  • Fishing boats lined up in Nanbao village, Hebei Province. China, 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-021.JPG
  • An unidentified mine near the Tuhai River which feeds into Bohai Bay, in Shandong province. China, 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-022.JPG
  • A fisherman walks across sea wall defences in Jingtang harbour, Hebei province. This stretch of coastline has been highlighted as one of the most vulnerable in China and will be one of the first to feel the impacts of rising sea levels and increased storm surges. China, 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-023.JPG
  • A wind turbine near Dashentang, in Hebei Province. This stretch of coastline has been highlighted as one of the most vulnerable in China and will be one of the first to feel the impacts of rising sea levels and increased storm surges. China, 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-024.JPG
  • Ships in the Tao'er estuary that feeds into Boahai Bay in Shandong Province, China. This stretch of coastline has been highlighted as one of the most vulnerable in China and will be one of the first to feel the impacts of rising sea levels and increased storm surges. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-025.JPG
  • A ship in the Tao'er estuary that feeds into Boahai Bay in Shandong Province, China. This stretch of coastline has been highlighted as one of the most vulnerable in China and will be one of the first to feel the impacts of rising sea levels and increased storm surges. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-026.JPG
  • A ship in the Tao'er estuary that feeds into Boahai Bay in Shandong Province, China.  This stretch of coastline has been highlighted as one of the most vulnerable in China and will be one of the first to feel the impacts of rising sea levels and increased storm surges. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-027.JPG
  • A ship in the Tao'er estuary that feeds into Boahai Bay in Shandong Province, China.  This stretch of coastline has been highlighted as one of the most vulnerable in China and will be one of the first to feel the impacts of rising sea levels and increased storm surges. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-028.JPG
  • A ship leaves a trail in the Tao'er estuary that feeds into Boahai Bay in Shandong Province, China. This stretch of coastline has been highlighted as one of the most vulnerable in China and will be one of the first to feel the impacts of rising sea levels and increased storm surges. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-029.JPG
  • A ship in the Tao'er estuary that feeds into Boahai Bay in Shandong Province, China.  This stretch of coastline has been highlighted as one of the most vulnerable in China and will be one of the first to feel the impacts of rising sea levels and increased storm surges. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-030.JPG
  • The Beijiang power station, near Tianjin, has been identified as high risk to being situated on low-lying land making it prone to flooding due to its proximity to the coast. Hebei, China. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-031.JPG
  • Trucks carry away unidentified material from a port in the Tao'er estuary that feeds into Bohai Bay, in Shandong Province, China. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-032.JPG
  • Trucks in a port in the Tao'er estuary that feeds into Bohai Bay, in Shandong Province, China. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-033.JPG
  • The Beijiang power station, near Tianjin, has been identified as high risk to being situated on low-lying land making it prone to flooding due to its proximity to the coast. Hebei, China. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-034.JPG
  • A factory spews out smoke from its chimney in Jingtang harbour, Hebei province. China, 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-035.JPG
  • A feature in the riverbank of the old Yellow River estuary, in Shandong Province. This section of the river used to be the primary outlet of the river into the Bahai Bay until the route of the river changed. China. 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-036.JPG
  • New homes and high rise buildings built on reclaimed land near the artificial Ligao beach, in eastern Tianjin. China, 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-037.JPG
  • Waves crash against the shoreline of the abandoned Dawanggang holiday resort, in Hebei province. Scientists have identified this coastline as one of the most vulnerable to coastal erosion. The resort has fallen into disrepair after being closed down by the government. China, 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-038.JPG
  • A feature in farmland the old Yellow River estuary, in Shandong Province. This section of the river used to be the primary outlet of the river into the Bahai Bay until the route of the river changed. China. 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-039.JPG
  • Waves crash against the shoreline of the abandoned Dawanggang holiday resort, in Hebei province. Scientists have identified this coastline as one of the most vulnerable to coastal erosion. The resort has fallen into disrepair after being closed down by the government. China, 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-040.JPG
  • A sea wall is under construction on reclaimed land near the artificial Ligao beach, in eastern Tianjin. The wall protects newly build residential properties next to the coastline. The water from Bohai Bay is at the top of the image and the protected water at the bottom. China, 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-041.JPG
  • A container ship enters Dongjiang port in Tianjin. The port has been built largely on reclaimed land and is now one of the busiest port cities in the world. It is protected predominantly by sea walls of various shapes and sizes which help shelter the coastline and the ships delivering goods in and out of northern China. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-042.JPG
  • Two small pools of water that have formed in the lower reaches of the Yellow River estuary which marks the southernmost boundary of Bohai Bay. Shandong province, China. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-043.JPG
  • Farmland lies just a couple of metres above sea level near Dawanggang in Hebei Province. This area suffers from sever coastal erosion and storm surges and rising seas threaten low-lying farmland along the coast. China, 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-044.JPG
  • A container ship enters Dongjiang port in Tianjin. The port has been built largely on reclaimed land and is now one of the busiest port cities in the world. It is protected predominantly by sea walls of various shapes and sizes which help shelter the coastline and the ships delivering goods in and out of northern China. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-045.JPG
  • Farmland lies just a couple of metres above sea level near Dawanggang in Hebei Province. This area suffers from sever coastal erosion and storm surges and rising seas threaten low-lying farmland along the coast. China, 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-046.JPG
  • Pools of water that have formed in the lower reaches of the Yellow River estuary which marks the southernmost boundary of Bohai Bay. Shandong province, China. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-047.JPG
  • Bohai-Bay-19-10-049.JPG
  • Coastal defences are lined up on the shoreline of Jinsha island in Hebei Province. Various shapes and sizes of structures are used to try to protect this region which suffers from severe coastal erosion. China, 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-050.JPG
  • A fishing boat cruises through the shallows just of Jinsha island, in Hebei province. China. 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-053.JPG
  • Piles of salt near salt fields in Hebei province. Saline groundwater provides the perfect place to produce raw salt which is harvested in many areas along the coast line of Bohai Bay. China, 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-054.JPG
  • Workers take a break from moving raw salt in salt fields in Shandong province. Saline groundwater provides the perfect place to produce raw salt which is harvested in many areas along the coast line of Bohai Bay. China, 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-055.JPG
  • Waves from Bohai Bay lap near the world's tallest Mazu Statue of the Chinese Sea Goddess, in the Tianjin Binhai Mazu Cultural Park. Much of the port area in Tianjin has been built on reclaimed land and has been highlighted as being particularly vulnerable to sea level rise and storm surges. China, 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-056.JPG
  • Raw salt in salt fields in Shandong province. Saline groundwater provides the perfect place to produce raw salt which is harvested in many areas along the coast line of Bohai Bay. China, 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-058.JPG
  • A temple sits on Shijiutuo island, a newly developed ecological park for tourists in Hebei province, China. Lying on the shores of Bohai Bay, this region of coastline has been identified as severely prone to coastal erosion and at high risk of flooding. 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-060.JPG
  • A track drives along a road that lies close to land used for aquaculture in Hebei province, China. In the background an unidentified factory also sits within metres of sea level. This area of coastline has been identified as prone to land subsidence and at threat from rising sea levels and flooding. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-062.JPG
  • The sun sets over Shijiutuo island, a newly developed ecological park for tourists in Hebei province, China. Lying on the shores of Bohai Bay, this region of coastline has been identified as severely prone to coastal erosion and at high risk of flooding. 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-063.JPG
  • A small island in a wetland on Shijiutuo island, a newly developed ecological park for tourists in Hebei province, China. Lying on the shores of Bohai Bay, this region of coastline has been identified as severely prone to coastal erosion and at high risk of flooding. 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-064.JPG
  • Seaweed and sandbanks on Shijiutuo island, a newly developed ecological park for tourists in Hebei province, China. Lying on the shores of Bohai Bay, this region of coastline has been identified as severely prone to coastal erosion and at high risk of flooding. 2019.
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-066.JPG
  • Bohai-Bay-19-10-069.JPG
  • Bohai-Bay-19-10-070.JPG
  • An oil-stained beach at Laomi Gukou in Hebei province. Bohai Bay is home to some of China's largest reserves of oil and gas, making it a centre for oil exploration. The region has suffered from a number of oil spills in recent decades which continue to effect local ecosystems. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-071.JPG
  • The Luan River, in northern China, which feeds into Bohai Bay in the distance. This river marks the northern boundary of Bohai Bay. The coastline in this region has been identified as being under severe risk of coastal erosion with impacts being predicted to increase in coming decades as sea levels rise and storm surges increase. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-072.JPG
  • Wells extract oil from the oilfields which lie near the megacity of Tianjin and off the coast in Bohai Bay which is home to some of China's largest reserves of oil and gas, making it a centre for oil exploration. The region has suffered from a number of oil spills in recent decades which continue to effect local ecosystems. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-073.JPG
  • Farmland disappears into Bohai Bay. This stretch of coastline has been identified as some of the most vulnerable in all of China and is threatened by rising sea levels and storm surges. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-074.JPG
  • A small fishing village is surrounded by sea and aquaculture farmland near Bohai Bay in the distance. This stretch of coastline has been identified as some of the most vulnerable in all of China and is threatened by rising sea levels and storm surges. 2019
    Bohai-Bay-19-10-075.JPG
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